Characteristics and uses of various stainless steels

Steel grade: Austenitic steel
301

17Cr-7Ni-low carbon

Characteristics: Compared with 304 steel, the content of Cr and Ni is less, the tensile strength and hardness are increased during cold working, and it is non-magnetic, but it is magnetic after cold working.

Uses: trains, aircraft, conveyor belts, vehicles, bolts, nuts, springs, screens

301L

17Cr-7Ni-0.1N-low carbon

Features: On the basis of 301 steel, reduce the C content to improve the grain boundary corrosion resistance of the weld; add N element to make up for the lack of strength caused by the decrease in C content and ensure the strength of the steel.

Uses: railway vehicle frame and exterior decoration materials

304

18Cr-8Ni

Characteristics: As a widely used steel, it has good corrosion resistance, heat resistance, low temperature strength and mechanical properties; good hot workability such as stamping and bending, no heat treatment hardening phenomenon (non-magnetic, use temperature -196℃~ 800°C).

Uses: household products (category 1, 2 tableware, cabinets, indoor pipelines, water heaters, boilers, bathtubs), auto parts (windshield wipers, mufflers, molded products), medical appliances, building materials, chemicals, food industry, agriculture, ship parts

304L

18Cr-8Ni-low carbon

Characteristics: As a low-C 304 steel, its corrosion resistance is similar to that of 304 steel under normal conditions, but after welding or stress relief, its resistance to intergranular corrosion is excellent; it can also be used without heat treatment Maintain good corrosion resistance, use temperature -196℃~800℃.

Uses: Used in outdoor machines in the chemical, coal, and petroleum industries that require high grain boundary corrosion resistance, heat-resistant parts for building materials and parts with difficult heat treatment

304Cu

13Cr-7.7Ni-2Cu

Features: Because of the addition of Cu, its formability, especially wire drawing and ageing crack resistance, can be formed into products with complex shapes; its corrosion resistance is the same as 304.

Uses: thermos flasks, kitchen sinks, pots, pots, insulated lunch boxes, door handles, textile processing machines.

304N1

18Cr-8Ni-N

Features: On the basis of 304 steel, the content of S and Mn is reduced, and N element is added to prevent plasticity from decreasing, increase strength, and reduce steel thickness.

Uses: components, street lights, water storage tanks, water pipes

304N2

18Cr-8Ni-N

Characteristics: Compared with 304, N and Nb are added, which is a high-strength steel for structural parts.

Uses: components, street lights, water storage tanks

316

18Cr-12Ni-2.5Mo

Features: Because of the addition of Mo, its corrosion resistance, atmospheric corrosion resistance and high temperature strength are particularly good, and it can be used under harsh conditions; it has excellent work hardening (non-magnetic).

Uses: equipment used in sea water, chemical, dye, paper, oxalic acid, fertilizer and other production equipment; photography, food industry, coastal facilities, ropes, CD rods, bolts, nuts

316L

18Cr-12Ni-2.5Mo low carbon

Characteristics: As a low C series of 316 steel, in addition to the same characteristics as 316 steel, it has excellent resistance to grain boundary corrosion.

Uses: Among the uses of 316 steel, it is a product with special requirements for anti-grain boundary corrosion.

321

18Cr-9Ni-Ti

Features: Ti element is added to 304 steel to prevent grain boundary corrosion; suitable for use at 430℃-900℃.

Uses: aircraft, exhaust pipes, boiler drums

Ferritic steel

409L

11.3Cr-0.17Ti-low C, N

Characteristics: Due to the addition of Ti element, its high temperature corrosion resistance and high temperature strength are better.

Uses: automotive exhaust pipes, heat exchangers, containers and other products that are not heat-treated after welding.

410L

13Cr-low C

Features: On the basis of 410 steel, the C content is reduced, and its workability, welding deformation resistance, and high temperature oxidation resistance are excellent.

Uses: mechanical structural parts, engine exhaust pipes, boiler combustion chambers, burners.

430

16Cr

Characteristics: As a representative steel grade of ferritic steel, it has low thermal expansion rate, excellent formability and oxidation resistance.

Uses: heat-resistant appliances, burners, home appliances, class 2 tableware, kitchen sinks, exterior decoration materials, bolts, nuts, CD rods, screens

430J1L

18-Cr0.5Cu-Nb-low C.N

Features: Cu, Nb and other elements are added to 430 steel; its corrosion resistance, formability, weldability and high temperature oxidation resistance are good.

Uses: building exterior decoration materials, auto parts, hot and cold water supply equipment.

436L

18Cr-1Mo-Ti, Nb, Zr, low C, N

Features: Good heat resistance and abrasion resistance. Because it contains Nb and Zr elements, it has excellent workability and weldability.

Uses: washing machines, automobile exhaust pipes, electronic products, 3-layer bottom pots.

Martensitic steel

410

13Cr-low carbon

Characteristics: As a representative steel of martensitic steel, although it has high strength, it is not suitable for use in harsh corrosive environments; it has good workability and is hardened (magnetic) depending on the heat treatment surface.

Uses: blades, mechanical parts, petroleum refining devices, bolts, nuts, pump rods, class 1 tableware (knives and forks).

420J1

13Cr-0.2C

Features: High hardness after quenching, good corrosion resistance (magnetic).

Uses: tableware (knives), turbine blades.

420J2

13Cr-0.3C

Characteristics: After quenching, the hardness is higher than that of 420J1 steel (magnetic).

Uses: blades, nozzles, valves, rulers, tableware (scissors, knives).